长隧道入口白天加强照明段长度优化

Optimization of Length of Enhanced Lighting in Day at Long tunnel Entrance of the Expressway

我国现行隧道通风照明标准虽对入口段照度提出要求,但相关参数过于粗糙,在实践中亦未按照规范要求进行阶梯式下降进行加强照明。为使高速公路隧道入口段加强照明满足驾驶人暗适应需求,选用31名被试进行昼间暗适应时间测定试验。被试在昼间自然光环境照度下充分适应后,进入隧道照明灯具创造的不同低照度环境中。通过视标识认时间记录,标定不同驾驶人在不同照明条件下暗适应时间。运用统计分析方法,获得不同隧道环境照度下驾驶人暗适应时间,并计算加强照明各段最优长度。结果表明:在现有隧道昼间入口加强照明条件下,加强段各阶梯长度过短,无法保证驾驶人的视觉顺适过渡;需依据驾驶人在不同照度环境下暗适应时间,结合行车速进行各段长度计算。本文提出加强照明段各阶梯长度值,在现有照度条件下,可保证驾驶人的充分暗适应时间。

Although the illuminations of the entrance are prescribed by the tunnel ventilation and lighting standards the relative parameters are too rough. The enhanced lighting in practice is not in according to the requirements and designed as ladder down. For dark adaptation time of drivers are satisfied by enhanced lighting31 subjects were selected to join the daytime dark adaptation time determination experiments. After subjects were fully adapted to daytime illumination of natural light enter the low illumination environments. Dark adaptation time of different drivers is recorded through the time of logo recognition. Statistical methods are used to get the adaptation time in different illumination of drivers and the optimal length is calculated. The result shows that under the condition of enhanced lighting at entrance in daytime,length of every segment is too short. The appropriate transition of vision can not be guaranteed. Length of every segment should be defined according to the dark adaptation time and speed. The length values of enhanced lighting segment are proposed in this paper can guarantee full dark adaptation time of drivers.