Yield Increasing and Quality Improving Effects of Smash-ridging Method("4453" Effects) and Its Potential in Benefiting the Nation and the People

粉垄“4453”增产提质效应及其利民利国发展潜能

Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂4453＂ effects, as fol ows： ＂Four increases＂ include to increase loosen soil quantity in cultivation layers, soil nutri-ents use, ＂water pool＂ in soils, and ＂oxygen pool＂ in soils. Four reductions are to reduce soil erosion, carbon emission, salt content and heavy metal in soils. Five resistances refer to improve crop resistance capacity in terms of drought, high tem-perature, lower temperature, disease and lodging. Three improvements indicate to enhance photosynthetic efficiency over 10%, yield in 10%-30% and quality over 5%. lt is researched that without additional chemical fertilizer, yield could increase by 10% by labor force, animal, tractor or smash-ridging machine. What’s more, by smash-ridging cultivation, the depth can be 20 times or higher compared with tractor cultivation, with looser soils. lt is estimated that if smash-ridging cultivation is applied once in agricultural lands in China, present soil layers can be twice as deep as present. Specifical y, the thickness of loose soil-layers could be extended from 10-18 cm at present to 25-35 cm, and natural rainfal would increase by 40 bil ion cm3. After vitalization of soil nutrients, chemical fertilizer would decrease by 7 bil ion kg, and the increased c rops would feed more than 300 mil ion population as per yield at 7 50 kg/hm2.

袁隆平院士接受媒体记者提出：“粉垄技术可在全国推广”。该文介绍了粉垄重构农田耕作层具“4453”效应，即：“四增”-增加耕层松土量、土壤原生养分利用量，增大“土壤水库”、“土壤氧气库”；“四减”-减少水土流失、碳排放量，减低耕层土壤含盐量、重金属含量；“五抗”-增强作物抗干旱、高温、低温、病害、倒伏等能力；“三提高”-促进作物光合效率提高10%以上，产量提高10%~30%以上，品质提高5%以上；人力、畜力、拖拉机耕作依次具增产10%规律，粉垄耕作则还具函拖拉机耕作加上再翻倍深松耕层叠加效应可达20甚至更高增产；指出如全国推广10亿亩，可增贮天然降水400亿立方，盘活土壤原生养分后可减少化肥施用量70多亿千克，新增粮食可多养活3亿多人，产生总体效应还可以助力提升国民身体健康水平和社会稳定、国家安全。