两种索绪尔批判思考——读时枝诚记与本维尼斯特

Comparative Study on Saussure-Derived from Tokieda Motoki and Emile Benveniste

索绪尔是二十世纪最杰出的语言学家,他引领了语言学研究的哥白尼式革命并创立了结构主义语言学。索绪尔语言学理论不仅对语言学研究意义重大,而且也对二十世纪人文社会学科提供了丰富的哲学暗示。然而同对索绪尔的拥簇一样,对索绪尔的批评也从未停止。对索绪尔批评最具代表性的观点来自于日本著名语言学家时枝诚记和法国著名语言学家本维尼斯特。从二者对索绪尔的批判中可以看出学界对索绪尔思想中一些重要概念的分歧,这对推动索绪尔研究有着重要的意义。

Ferdinand·de·Saussure is the most distinguished linguist in the 20 th century. He ushered in a Copernican revolution in linguistics and established structuralism. Saussurean linguist theories not only mean a lot for linguistic researches but provide abundant philosophical implications for humanities in 20 th century. However, the criticisms on Saussure are as robust as praises for him. The most representatives of the critics of Saussure are Japanese linguist Tokieda Motoki and French linguist Emile Benveniste. In some sense, a glimpse of their criticisms can reveal divergent opinions concerning Saussure, which will promote further studies on Saussurean theories.