近十年山西省土壤墒情时空变化规律

Spatiotemporal Variations of Soil Moisture Across Shanxi Province During 2003- 2012

以2003-2012年山西省64个墒情站土壤墒情观测资料为基础,在ArcGIS环境下通过IDW插值法分析了土壤含水量的空间变化规律,以及土壤含水量的年际和季节变化规律,探讨了降水和气温对土壤含水量变化的影响。结果表明,山西省土壤含水量东南部整体偏高,北部和南部整体偏低。10、20和40 cm土层水平空间变化规律与整体一致,纵向空间各层变幅由上到下依次变小。近10年年际变化趋势减少且不显著。从季节变化角度来看,土壤水3月份开始减少,到6月份增加,增加到10月份再减。降水是影响全省土壤含水量时空变化的主导因素,气温的影响不大。降水的多寡决定土壤含水量的高低。

Temporal and spatial variations of soil moisture in Shanxi Province are analyzed by using In- verse Distance Weighted （IDW） method with ArcGIS software package, based on soil moisture and pre- cipitation data from 64 monitoring stations during 2003 -2012.. The annual and seasonal variations in soil moisture are obtained, and influences of precipitation and temperature changes on soil moisture are investigated using correlation analysis technique. The results indicate that soil moisture is high in the southeast Shanxi, and low in the north and south parts of the Shanxi province. All soil moistures at 10, 20 and 40 cm soil depth show similar variation feature to spatial patterns, but with a less variability in soil moisture at lower soil layer. Moreover, soil moisture tends to increase from the upper to the lower soil profile. There are no clear interdecadal change but obvious seasonal change in soil moisture, decreasing from March, becoming increase in June, and then decreasing again from October. Precipitation plays a key role in spatiotemporal variations of moisture and influences of temperature on soil moisture are moder- ate.