不溶性粒状腐蚀产物在压水堆堆芯内沉积的数值模拟

Simulation Study on Insoluble Granular Corrosion Products Deposited in PWR Core

在反应堆运行时,由于燃料棒、堆内构件等部件会受到高压过冷态的冷却剂的腐蚀冲刷的影响,会产生许多不溶性腐蚀产物。利用FLUENT软件模拟不溶性粒状腐蚀产物在堆芯燃料棒流域里沉积分布。对液相采用标准k-ε模型预测通道内流场与近壁面区域的湍流变化,对腐蚀产物颗粒物采用DPM模型(离散相模型)来跟踪颗粒的运动轨迹。研究发现:在堆芯流域腐蚀产物颗粒在对称面附近形成高浓度区域,在入口段腐蚀产物颗粒浓度比出口段高。在包壳入口段表面呈大面积附着沉积,这会改变堆芯中子通量分布和包壳材料的热导率,引起堆芯轴向功率偏移;而在包壳出口段表面呈点状沉积,这会导致包壳出现点蚀现象。点蚀区域会引起传热恶化,破坏包壳完整性。针对腐蚀产物颗粒沉积规律和堆内组件的腐蚀特点,提出定时定点、针对局部强化清理等缓解措施。

In the operation of reactor, such as fuel rods, reactor vessel internals etc. will be affected by corrosion erosion of high pressure coolant. It will produce many insoluble corrosion products. The FLUENT software is adopted to simulate insoluble granular corrosion products deposit distribution in the reactor core. The fluid phase uses the standard model to predict the flow field in the channel and forecast turbulence variation in the near-wall region. The insoluble granular corrosion products use DPM （Discrete Phase Model） to track the trajectory of the particles. The discrete phase model in FLUENT follows the Euler-Lagrange approach. The fluid phase is treated as a continuum by solving the Navier-Stokes equations, while the dispersed phase is solved by tracking a large number of particles through the calculated flow field. Through the study found, Corrosion products particles form high concentration area near the symmetry, and the entrance section of the corrosion products particles concentration is higher than export section. Corrosion products particles deposition attached on large area for the entrance of the cladding, this will change the core neutron flux distribution and the thermal conductivity of cladding material, and cause core axial offset anomaly （AOA）. Corrosion products particles dot deposit in the outlet of cladding, which can lead to pitting phenomenon in a sheath. Pitting area will cause deterioration of heat transfer, destroy the cladding integrity. In view of the law of corrosion products deposition and corrosion characteristics of components in the reactor core, this paper proposes regular targeted local cleanup and other mitigation measures.