罗马《关于搜刮钱财罪的阿基利乌斯法》涉陪审团条款译注

Translation and Commentary of the Provisions Concerning Jury in Lex Acilia Repetundarum

公元前123年或前122年罗马保民官曼尼乌斯阿基利乌斯颁布了《关于搜刮钱财罪的阿基利乌斯法》,是为格拉古立法的一部分。该法律旨在规范搜刮钱财案件的审判程序,对原告、被告、大法官、陪审员以及财务官等人员的行为进行了较为严格的规定,并且以骑士取代元老院成员在陪审团中的作用。该法律是研究共和国中后期罗马法发展以及政治变迁的重要原始资料。本文在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,对该铭文进行迻译并注释,旨在提供一个较为可靠的中文文本。

123 or 122 BC, Manius Acilius, a Roman plebeian tribune promulgated Lex Acilia Repetundarum, which was part of Gracchus legislation. It is aimed at standardizing the proceedings concerning provincial extortion, regulating the behavior of the plaintiff, the defendant, the praetor, the juror and the quaestor in such cases and substituting knights for senators in the juries. It is an important primary source for the study of the development of Roman laws and the political transitions in the middle and late republic. Since discovered, the inscription has been intensively studied in foreign academic circles. This translation and commentary provides a newer and more reliable Chinese version of that document for Chinese scholars in the field of ancient history of Rome.