基于子结构灵敏度分析的传感器优化布置

Optimal sensor placement based on substructure sensitivity analysis

传感器优化布置是结构健康监测的一个关键科学问题,传感器的最优数目和布置位置是传感器优化布置研究的主要内容。在以往的研究中,传感器优化布置主要以获得最佳的模态参数为目标。本文以结构损伤识别为目的,提出一种新的基于子结构灵敏度的传感器优化布置方法。首先,计算基于模态参数的各子结构损伤灵敏度系数,找出对损伤敏感的子结构,通过本文介绍的传感器优化布置方法进行加速度传感器数目和位置的优化布置。对于损伤不敏感的子结构,需采取布置应变传感器识别损伤。最后通过一个三维桁架模型结构的数值模拟计算,采用本文传感器优化布置方法进行该模型的传感器布置的研究。

Optimal sensor placement is key issues of structures health monitoring （SHM）. In study of sensor optimal placement, the main achievement focuses on optimal criteria of sensor locations based on modal test. The optimal criteria of sensor number and locations based on damage identification should be investigated further. In this study, a novel optimal sensor placement method based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. First, modal parameters sensitivities of substructures are calculated. Then the elements that are sensitive to damage are selected and the number and optimal locations of accelerometers can be obtained. At last, the elements that are not selected are considered as not sensitive to modal parameters and the strain sensors would be placed. Numerical simulation of a three-dimensional truss structure is implemented to evaluate the ability of the proposed method.