遵义市农村学龄儿童跌落伤流行病学调查分析

Investigation and analyses of fall injuries in school-aged children in rural,Zunyi

目的调查西部山区农村学龄儿童跌落伤发生的情况、分析影响因素,为开展儿童跌落伤防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,调查获得跌落伤的相关信息。结果抽取遵义市农村学龄儿童共2 854名(男1 437,女1 417),跌落伤年发生率为6.2%(178例),占伤害总人数的37.3%,且年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。跌落伤发生地点以家里(37.1%)和学校(29.2%)为主;伤害多在玩耍时发生(41.6%);伤害部位以四肢(72.4%)为主,而跌落伤预防相关知识平均掌握率为79.0%。结论遵义市农村学龄儿童跌落伤发生率较高,是意外伤害的首位原因,且伤害预防相关知识仍不足,提示要全社会共同努力,创建安全环境,切实降低学龄儿童跌落伤的发生率。

Objective To investigate the incidence and explore the risk factors of fall injuries in school-aged children in Zunyi,and to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention and controlling of children＇s injuries. Methods Using a strati- fied sampling method,a total of 2 854 rural children （1 437 boys and 1 417 girls） were recruited. Fall injury-related items were collected using a structured questionnaire in a class interview. Results The fail incidence was 6.2% （n=178） with a proportion 37.3 % of overall injuries. Moreover, there was a significant difference between different age. The main locations of falls were at homes （37.1%） and schools （29.2%）; the top cause of fall injuries was entertainment （41.6%）;And the first injury part of body was limbs （72.4%）. The cognition rate about falls prevention was 79.0%. Conclusions The inci- dence of fall injuries of school-aged children in rural Zunyi accounts for the highest proportion of overall injuries,moreover, it relates to lack of injury-prevention knowledge. The results suggest that efforts should be taken to create a safe environ- ment to prevent children from fall injuries in the whole society.