几种抑菌剂对腊肉原料肉的减菌化效应

Synergistic effect of several bacteriostatic agents on bacteria-reduction of raw material for cured meats

为了研究几种抑菌剂对腊肉原料肉中腐败菌和致病菌的减菌化效果,选用食用酒精(Edible alcohol,EA)、次氯酸钠(NaClO)、乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)、蛋壳粉末(Eggshell powder,EP)和贝壳碳酸钙(Scallop shell calcium carbonate,SCC)五种抑菌剂对腊肉原料肉进行抑菌实验,研究结果表明抑菌剂的复合使用比单独使用的抑菌效果显著。EA+NaClO+Nisin+EP+SCC组合抑菌效果显著,使菌落总数从5.95lg(cfu·g-1)降至3.35lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)。对大肠杆菌的抑制最显著的是NaClO+Nisin+EP+SCC组合,大肠杆菌数从4.95lg(cfu·g-1)降至2.51lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)。EA+Nisin+EP+SCC组合对单增李斯特菌和酵母菌有很强的减菌化效果,分别从4.53lg(cfu·g-1)和4.20lg(cfu·g-1)降至1.71lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)和1.94lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)。EA+NaClO+EP+SCC组合则具有广谱的抑菌效果,使金黄色葡萄球菌数由4.67lg(cfu·g-1)降至1.74lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05),沙门氏菌从4.30lg(cfu·g-1)减少至1.42lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)以及根霉菌从4.13lg(cfu·g-1)降至2.22lg(cfu·g-1)(p<0.05)。因此,和单独使用一种抑菌剂相比,几种抑菌剂复合使用比单独使用抑菌作用显著性增强。

To investigate the effect of several bacteriostatic agents including edible alcohol （EA）,NaCIO,Nisin, eggshell powder（EP） and scallop shell calcium carbonate（SCC） on bacteria-reduction of raw material for cured meat. Composite using of the bacteriostatic agents showed a synergistic activity of bacteria-reduction against spoilage as well as pathogenic bacteria. The combination of EA＋NaCIO＋Nisin＋EP＋SCC made the total number of bacteria colonies decreased from 5.951g （cfu· g-l） to 3.351g （cfu· g-l） （p〈0.05）. The E. coil colonies were reduced by NaCIO＋Nisin＋EP＋SCC from 4.951g （cfu·g-1） down to 2.511g （cfu·g-1）（p〈0.05）. The optimum bacteria-reduction effect on Lfsteria monocytogenes as well as Saccharomycetescerevisiae were the combination of EA＋Nisin ＋EP＋SCC, decreasing from 4.531g （cfu· g-l） and 4.201g （cfu· g-l） to 1.711g （cfu· g-l） and 1.941g （cfu· g-1 ）, respectively （p〈 0.05 ）. The combination of EA ＋ NaCIO ＋ EP ＋ SCC had broad spectrum effects on bacteria-reductions,which made Staphylococcus aureus colonies decreased from 4.671g （cfu· g-l） to 1.741g （cfu· g1）, Salmonellaenterica colonies decreased from 4.301g （cfu· g-l） to 1.421g （cfu· g-1）, and Rhizopusstolonifer colonies decreased from 4.131g（cfu ·g-l） to 2.221g（cfu·g-1） （p〈0.05）. In a conclusion,composite using of antibacterial agent showed a synergistic activity against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria.