独立学院文凭政策的历史回顾与反思

Historical Review and Reflection about Independent College's Diploma Policy

以2003年的教育部8号文和2008年的教育部26号令作为分界点,可以将独立学院文凭政策的演进史划分为三个阶段:文凭依附时期、文凭双轨制时期和逐步实现"文凭独立"时期。从政策目标来看,独立学院文凭政策关注"形式独立"而忽视了"实质独立";在政策内容上,独立学院文凭政策存在着重"讲政治"而轻守法律的现象;在政策工具上,使用的政策手段比较单一;在政策主体上,主要由中央政府推动、中央与地方存在博弈。今后,应以独立学院的文凭独立作为契机,促进独立学院的可持续发展。

The Ministry of Education of People 7s Republic of China issuedthe No.8 document in 2003 and the No. 26 decree in 2008. As two cut-off points, the evolution of independent college＇ s diploma policy can be divided into three phases, namely the affiliation period of diploma, the double track diploma system and the comparatively independent period of diploma. Currently the independent college shows the following four features. First, in terms of policy objectives, the independent college＇ s diploma policy paid more attention on formal independence “than” substantive independence; second, it emphasized more on ＂adhering to politics principle＂ rather than ＂laws-abiding＂ regarding its policy contents. Third, the policy tools of independent college＇s diploma policy were relatively simple and monotonous. Last, but not the least, regarding the policy subject, it was mainly pushed by the central government, and there are negotiations between central government and local government. Based on the analysis of the features of independent colleges, this paper puts forward that we should take the opportunity of diploma independence to realize its sustainable development.