青少年痤疮风险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Adolescent Acne

目的了解青少年痤疮发病的流行病学特征,为不同性别青少年痤疮患者的预防、治疗和护理提供参考依据。方法于2014年1月-8月对本科门诊310例痤疮患者进行问卷调查,比较不同性别痤疮患者发病的风险因素。结果共发放问卷310份,回收301份,剔除3份,有效298份（96.12%）。痤疮患者以16～19岁居多,皮损主要发生在面部,临床表现主要为粉刺等,不良的生活习惯和不当的面部护理是主要的风险因素,既往采用局部外用药物不当治疗者（72.48%）最多。男女性痤疮患者的初始发病年龄、吸烟和饮酒及参加体育锻炼者的构成比均不同,且差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论不同性别青少年痤疮患者初始发病年龄、不良生活习惯和不当面部护理等是痤疮发病风险因素,如吸烟、饮酒及参加体育锻炼等情况存在差异,治疗和护理工作中要予以重视和引导。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of adolescent acne pathogenesis,provide references for the prevention,treatment and care for different gender of adolescent acne patients. Method 310 outpatients with acne were investigated by questionnaire from January 2014 to August 2014,to study risk factors of different gender of acne patients. Result A total of 310 questionnaires were distributed,and 301 were returned,of which 3 were invalid and 298 were valid（ 96. 12%）. Most of patients are 16 ～ 19 years old and the lesions mainly occurs in the face,characterized by comedo. My unhealthy lifestyles and improper facial treatments are the principal risk factors,most of which are improper local topical drugs treatment（ 72. 48%）. The constituent ratio are different,contains initial age of onset,smoking and drinking,and physical exerciser of Male and female patients with acne,and the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Initial age of onset,unhealthy living habits and improper facial treatments are acne pathogenesis risk factors,such as smoking,drinking,and physical activities,and so on. These risk factors should be attached importance to in the treatment and nursing work.