基于绿色流域理念的三峡库区小流域综合治理模式探讨

Study on Comprehensive Management Mode of Small Watershed Based on Strategy of Green Watershed Construction in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

三峡库区水土流失和面源污染问题严重威胁水库水安全,影响当地的农业和经济社会的发展。通过开展小流域综合治理可有效控制当地的水土流失与面源污染,本文结合绿色流域建设理念,从流域产业结构调整控污减排、坡耕地整治、农业面源污染控制、分散生活污水生态净化和流域自然沟渠及库周缓冲带截留等技术层面,探讨了建立"策源地控制、流通区削减、缓冲带截留"的综合治理体系的模式,分析了当前小流域综合治理和管理中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。

The water quality safety of the Three Gorges Reservoir was suffered a grave threat by the soil erosion and non-point source pollution problems.Meanwhile,the development of local agriculture and economy were also seriously affected by the soil erosion and non-point source pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.Combined with the strategy of green wa-tershed construction in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,comprehensive management mode of small watershed was dis-cussed,which was consisted of three subsystems,namely controlling of source,reducing of transport path,and interception of buffer zone.Moreover,the methods and technologies like as the industrial structure adjustment for pollution control and e-mission reduction,sloping cropland improvement,agricultural non-point source pollution control,dispersing domestic sewage treatment and ecological purification,small basin natural ditches and reservoir buffer zone establishment were put into prac-tice.Based on the analyzing of the shortcomings and problems currently existing in the construction and governance of green small watershed,some corresponding countermeasures were put forward.