全球低碳发展评估及中国低碳发展的实现路径

Assessment of low carbon development all over the world and the route to realize low carbon development in China

低碳发展日益成为国际关注的热点问题,中国正处在快速工业化和城镇化进程当中,通过低碳发展实现经济社会转型尤为迫切。在全球大背景下正确判断中国的低碳发展水平,汲取各国有益的低碳发展经验,寻求适合中国的低碳发展路径尤为重要。从低碳发展特征指标变动出发,通过统计分析,得出全球低碳发展历史和现状水平,以及中国所处的位置。研究表明,近20年来全球碳生产力水平不断提高,近年来中国的碳生产力水平飞速提升,但是中国的碳生产力仍然远远低于全球平均水平,离先进国家的差距更大,不足法国的1/10,人均二氧化碳排放增速位居世界前列,减排压力巨大。因此,结合国内外实践经验,总结了中国低碳发展的5个实现路径,分别是调整能源结构、发展低碳产业、倡导低碳消费、建设低碳城市和加强碳汇建设。

Low carbon development has increasingly become hot issues all over the world.China is in the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization.It＇s urgent to achieve economic and social transformation through low carbon development.It＇s important to judge the level of Chinese low carbon development in the global context,and learn experience from other countries and regions to develop suitable paths of low carbon development.This paper used several low carbon development indicators to analyze the variety and the status of low carbon development all over the world.Results showed that the global carbon productivity continued to increase in the past twenty years.While the carbon productivity level increases rapidly in China,it is still far lower than the global average level,only1/10 of that for France.Meanwhile,the growth of carbon emission per capita in China is among the forefront of the world.China faces huge pressure for emission reduction.Therefore,based on the domestic and international experience,five paths for Chinese low carbon development are developed,namely adjusting energy structure,developing low carbon industry,encouraging low carbon consumption,constructing low carbon city and strengthening carbon storage.