贵州侗族儿童青少年营养状况与发展趋势

Nutritional status and developing trajectory of Dong child and adolescent group in Guizhou

目的分析贵州侗族青少年1985—2010年营养状况发展趋势,为探索西部少数民族儿童营养改善途径提供依据。方法用WHO-2006筛查标准,对1985—2010年全国学生体质健康调研中7-18岁侗族中小学生数据进行分析。结果 2010年侗族7-18岁男、女生长迟缓率分别为26.8%和28.8%,消瘦率为7.7%和4.6%。生长迟缓率从1985至2000男生从59.8%下降至48.0%,女生从55.8%下降至41.6%。完全性的良性长期趋势为生长迟缓率下降提供支持;近10 a来下降趋势比以往更明显,男生身高增长以2001—2010年为主,13岁为突增高峰;女生身高增长以1985—1991年正向促进作用最强,12岁为突增高峰。结论侗族儿童青少年正向促进营养因素为兄弟民族提供借鉴,负向消极因素则为该民族制定干预策略奠定科学基础。

Objective To explore the way of nutrition improvement in minority children groups in Western China. Methods A total of six groups of Dong students who participated in the 1985- 2010 national surveys,respectively,were screened by using the WHO- 2006 criterion. Results The prevalence of stunting were 26. 8% and 28. 8%,and that of waisting were 7. 7%and 4. 6%,for males and females,respectively,in 2010. For the stunting from 1985→2000→2010,the prevalence were 59. 8%→48.0→26.8% for males,and 55. 8% →41. 6% →28. 8% for females,respectively. It＇s the complete optional secular growth trend supported the decrease of the prevalence of stunting and malnutrition,and the more stronger trend of physical growth in recent decade predicts the overall healthy improvement of Dong children＇s nutritional status. Conclusion The positive factors for promoting Dong school children＇s nutrition can give helpful experience for other minority ethnic groups,whereas the negative factors in the Dong group will be the scientific bases for establishing intervention measures for the brother ethnic groups elsewhere.