烟草吉烟9号品种小孢子发育时期与花器官形态的相关性

Correlation Between Microspore Development Stage and Flower Organ Morphology of Tobacco cv. Jiyan9

为直接用花蕾大小或花药的形态特征来判断小孢子发育时期，对烟草吉烟9号品种小孢子发育的细胞学特征，以及小孢子不同发育时期与花冠特征、花蕾大小和花药颜色的关系进行了研究。结果表明：烟草（吉烟9号）小孢子发育经历四分体时期、单核期和双核期，各时期特征明显。吉烟9号品种的小孢子发育时期与花器官形态具有相关性。小孢子处于单核靠边期时花蕾长度1.5-2.0 cm ，此时期花药长度为0.40-0.42 cm、绿色-淡绿色，花丝长度为0.5-0.8 cm、绿色。因此，根据花器官形态特征可判断小孢子的发育时期，从而确定花药培养最佳时期所对应的选蕾标准。

In order to directly judge the development stage of microspore by bud size or the morphological characteristics of anthers, the cytology of microspore at development stage and the relationships of the development period of microspore to corolla characteristics, bud size and anther color of cv. Jiyan9 were studied. The results showed that the development of microspore went through tetrad stage, uninucleate stage to binucleate stage, each stage possessed distinctive characteristics; and microspore development stage correlated to the morphology of flower organ. At the late uninucleate stage, bud was 1.5-2.0 cm in length, anther was green-pea green in color and 0.40-0.42 cm in length, and filament was green and 0.5-0.8 cm in length. Therefore, the development stage of microspore can be judged by the morphological characteristics of flower organs, and then set a standard of bud selection relative to the best stage for anther culture.