叙事的狂欢:莫言与格拉斯笔下的侏儒形象

Narrative Carnivalesque: Comparative Study of Mo Yan and Grass in their Delineation of Dwarf Images

两位诺奖得主莫言和君特·格拉斯在各自的得意之作《酒国》与《铁皮鼓》中都塑造了一批侏儒形象。他们塑造侏儒形象时采用"分裂—魔物—奇力"这样相似的模式。本文运用巴赫金的小说理论,分析了两部小说中的侏儒形象,认为他们都采用狂欢化的叙事策略,以颠倒视角、形象变异、违越禁忌来构建特殊的叙事时空体。我们发现莫言在叙事技巧上深受君特·格拉斯的影响,但他在借鉴中超越性地再创了具有本土风格的个性叙事。

Mo Yan and Grass, both Nobel Prize laureates, delineate impressive images of dwarfs in their A Republic of Wine and A Tin Drum respectively. Both successfully employ the paradigmatic narrative pattern of “splitting-grotesqueryexoticism” in their portrayals of dwarfs. Inspired by Mikhail Bakhtin＇s narrative theory, we analyze these images, and be lieve they both adopt what Bakhtin calls the techniques of carnivalesque, namely, the re verse perspective, grotesquery, and challenge of social order. They thenceforth create a narrative complex of inverted time and space. Surely, Mo Yan is indebted to Grass for his narrative experimentations which are marked by his own characteristics as a result of his creative usage of Chinese classic narrative techniques.