高时空分辨率及高通量的稻茬麦苗期表型指标动态特征研究

High Spatial- and Temporal Resolution and High Throughput Digital Image Measurement of Dynamics of Post-Paddy Wheat Seedling Phenotype Indices

稻麦轮作系统周年土壤干湿交替决定着稻茬麦种植特有的生态特征,需要专门的耕种技术设计。为了用更高的时空分辨率表型方法描述稻茬麦的生长动态,使用扫描仪与图像处理软件Image Pro-Plus对自然平展态的冬小麦苗期表型指标进行测量,分析冬小麦苗期表型指标动态变化特征。结果发现,在更加精细的时空观测尺度上,基于单株及器官水平的表型指标定量有利于区分不同耕作处理引起的稻茬麦植株表型的细微变化及动态。免耕与旋耕2种耕作处理对部分茎叶指标在稻茬麦部分生理期内引起显著性差异,但这些差异在年度间的表现并不稳定。使用平均变化率指标描述>84d后的茎叶指标发现,总叶长与单株叶面积的数值最大,总根长次之,而耕作处理对总根长平均变化率的影响显著,两个年度的动态图都反映出免耕处理的小麦在播后60d左右平均叶倾角突然下降。因此,运用软硬件结合的精细时空尺度大田作物表型技术能够鉴别田间复杂环境因子对稻茬麦苗期茎叶指标动态的影响。

The annual wetting-and-drying rotation of soil under the rice-wheat system underlines a particular agro-ecological process for which a specific tillage system design needs to be considered. In aiming to illustrate the post-paddy wheat physiological process with improved spatial- and temporal resolution, a unique methodology was proposed to monitor the wheat above-ground parameters on the basis of scanning and image processing with Image Pro-Plus. This technique was used to illustrate wheat dynamics and to quantify the effect of tillage on wheat seed- lings. Results showed that an improved resolution for monitoring individual stem and organ was able to distinguish minor differences from plant to plant and the seedling dynamics was more clearly monitored. No-tillage and rotary tillage resulted in contrasting behavior of post-paddy wheat seedlings , but the effect was observed only in some physiological stages and these differences changed from year to year. Mean differential of measured parameters was calculated to quantify 〉 84d wheat stem and leaves. It was found that plant leaf area change was the highest, followed by total root length. Tillage treatment affected root length most significantly. In 2 years a unique phenomena was observed that average leaf tilting angle was abrupdy dropped in around 60 day after sowing. Thus the field-based high throughput phenotyping technique that integrate hardware and software was able to identify influences from complicated environmental factors on crop seedlings.