粮油资源高效饲料转化技术在饲用抗生素替代中的应用

The Conversion of Grain and Oil Resources to Feed Antibiotics Substitute

提高粮食生产的综合能力,将有限的资源高效利用与转化,是建设节约型粮食加工消费体系的重要内容。粮油资源及其加工副产品是一大类能量和蛋白质饲料资源,也是廉价的功能活性物质来源。其高效转化生产的功能性产品应用于动物生产过程中,不仅具有提高畜禽日增重和饲料转化效率的作用,还可改善畜禽产品品质,提高动物抗病能力和保障动物健康,可起到与饲用抗生素类似的使用效果,且避免了药物残留和耐药细菌滋生等危害。本文对近年来有关粮油资源高效饲料转化技术在饲用抗生素替代中的应用研究进展进行了综述,重点介绍生物发酵和酶解饲料原料技术、油料水酶法生产应用技术以及多肽寡肽与活性肽、多糖寡糖与功能性低聚糖、功能性脂肪酸与植物油脂和植物化学素等其他粮油功能活性物质在提高畜禽生产性能、产品品质、抗氧化和抗病免疫方面的作用及其发挥上述作用的可能机制。

It is important for establishing economical grain processing and consumption system to enhance the integrative competence of grain production and utilize the limited resources efficiently. Grain and oil resources and their processing byproducts can be a good and cheap source of energy and protein feed resources with a great quantities. The usage of functional production from grain and oil sources in feed can enhance the daily weight gain and feed conversion of animals. Furthermore, they can improve the quality of animal products and disease-resistance ability, and can be good for animal health. Thus they can work as feed antibiotics in feed, and can avoid drug residue and production of drug-resistant bacteria. Recent advances in researches on the con-version of grain and oil resources to feed antibiotics substitute have been reviewed. The emphasis was placed on the effects of microbial-fermented and enzyme-treated feed （especially aqueous enzymatic method on oil-seeds）, activated peptides, functional oligosaccharide and polysaccharide, functional lipid and fatty acids, and other functional active materials （e.g. functional phytochemicals） on growth performance, quality of animal product, antioxidant and immune function in animals. Their mechanisms were also discussed.