WC-Co硬质合金磨损性能研究进展

Research Progress on Wear Performance of WC-Co Cemented Carbides

WC-Co硬质合金作为重要的耐磨材料,其不同工况下的耐磨性被广泛研究。本文对硬质合金耐磨性的测试方法、耐磨性与微观组织结构之间关系以及硬质合金在测试条件下和实际使用条件下的磨损机理进行了综合评述。WC粒度越粗、粘结相越多,硬质合金耐磨性越差。硬质合金一般存在以下磨损机制:粘结相的挤出与移除,WC颗粒的断裂与破碎,WC颗粒的脱落。矿用硬质合金的失效机制主要有:岩石覆盖层形成,岩石碎片与硬质合金形成混合层,岩石侵入硬质合金内部粘结相脆化与退化;硬质合金内微观裂纹的形成;WC颗粒内微观裂纹的形成;WC颗粒的氧化与腐蚀。

WC-Co cemented carbides are commonly used as wear resistance materials and its wear property has been widely researched under different working conditions. The testing methods of wear resistance for cemented carbides, the relationship between wear resistance and microstructure, the mechanisms of wear that occur under testing and application conditions were reviewed comprehensively in this paper. The wear resistance of cemented carbides decreases with both Co content and the increase of WC grain size. The wear mechanisms of cemented carbides include binder removal and squeezing, cracking and fragmentation of the carbide grains and carbide grain pull-out. The deterioration mechanisms of mining cemented carbide include rock cover formation, rock intermixing and rock penetration, embrittlement and degradation of the binder phase, composite-scale crack formation, WC grain-scale crack formation, oxidation and corrosion of WC grains.