聚石斛花粉生活力及贮藏的研究

Pollen Viability and Preservation of Dendrobium lindleyi

以聚石斛花粉为试材,研究了其花粉生活力的检测方法及贮藏方法。结果表明:(1)检测聚石斛花粉萌发适宜的培养基为100 g·L-1蔗糖+100 mg·L-1H3BO3+80 mg·L-1Ca Cl2,TTC染色法不适用于聚石斛花粉生活力的检测;(2)聚石斛开花第0 8天的花粉生活力高于65%,作为父本,授粉结实率高于85%,显著高于蕾期和衰败期。(3)不同贮藏方法对聚石斛花粉生活力的影响较大,4℃冷藏干燥贮藏80 d后,花粉生活力下降为0,而4℃冷藏湿润贮藏、-20℃冷冻湿润贮藏和干燥贮藏90 d后,花粉生活力分别为1.4%、21.7%、6.4%。经-20℃冷冻湿润贮藏90 d后的花粉经杂交授粉后仍然能够正常结实,其他处理的结实率明显降低。

The pollen of Dendrobium lindleyi was employed as experimental material to investigate the determination method of pollen viability and pollen storage. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） The optimum culture medium was 100 g·L^-1 sucrose ＋ 100 mg·L^-1 H3BO3 ＋ 80 mg · L^-1 CaC12. Trc staining was not adapted to detect pollen viabili- ty of Den. lindleyi. （2） The pollen germinating rate was over 65% during 0 -- 8 days after blooming. As pollen parents, the male receptivity was over 85% during this period, which showed a better result than bud stage and droop stage. （3） Different storage methods had different effects on pollen viability of Den. lindleyi. The viability of pollen stored at dry condition in 4 ℃ declined to 0 after 80 days. However, after stored at humid condition in 4 ℃, freeze-wetting and freeze-drying in -20 ℃ for 90 days, the pollen viabilities were about 1.4%, 21.7%, and 6 4% respectively. As pollen parents, the pollen freeze-wetting stored in - 20 ℃ for 90 days could still set seeds nor- really, while the setting rate was obviously decreased when using other storage methods.