《近代科学的起源》:一部反辉格史学家的辉格史——兼论科学史的辉格式和反辉格式解释

THE ORIGIN OF MODERN SCIENCE: AN ANTI-WHIG HISTORIAN'S WHIG HISTORY——THE COMMENT ON THE SCIENCE HISTORY'S WHIG EXPLANATION AND ANTI-WHIG ONE

英国历史学家巴特菲尔德把辉格史的概念从英国政治史范围扩展到一般史学领域,严厉抨击了辉格式的科学史研究方法,并因此被认为是科学史研究中持有反辉格式解释立场的重要代表人物。然而,坚持反辉格式倾向的巴特菲尔德却撰写了一部在科学史界颇有影响的辉格式著作《近代科学的起源》。本文通过对巴特菲尔德反辉格式的史学倾向以及他在《近代科学的起源》中的辉格式解释手法的描述,分析我们应当如何看待和解释科学的历史、如何看待科学史的辉格式解释和反辉格式解释。

British historian Butterfield expanded Whig history concept from British political history to general history field, and lashed out at brightness form history of science research method severely , has been regarded as that history of science holds the important leading exponent opposing the brightness form making an explanation position in research and therefore. But, he had written a volume of brightness form book having effect in history of science boundary modern science. The science of history by opposing the brightness form to Butterfield inclines to the main body of a book, describes that as well as he makes an explanation gimmick in hit the target brightness form ＂modern times science origin ＂, analyzes our history ought how, to treat and explain science, how to treat the history of science brightness form making an explanation and the brightness form makes an explanation on the contrary.