百里香精油对麻花鸡生长性能、血清蛋白和细胞因子的影响

Effect of Thyme Essential Oil on Growth Performance,Serum Protein and Cytokine of Mahua Broilers

本试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平百里香精油对麻花鸡生长性能、血清蛋白和细胞因子的影响。选取1日龄麻花鸡768只,采用单因子试验设计,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ~Ⅶ组在基础日粮中分别添加0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30和0.35mg/kg百里香精油。试验期42d,分1~21日龄（前期）、22~42日龄（后期）2个阶段。结果表明,与对照组相比,日粮中添加百里香精油对1~21日龄麻花鸡生长性能无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但试验Ⅱ~Ⅵ组可极显著提高22~42日龄麻花鸡平均日增重（P〈0.01）,试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组可显著降低22~42日龄麻花鸡料重比（P〈0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组可显著降低42日龄麻花鸡血清中白蛋白含量（P〈0.05）,试验Ⅱ~Ⅴ、Ⅶ组可显著提高21日龄麻花鸡血清中球蛋白含量（P〈0.05）,试验Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组可显著降低21和42日龄麻花鸡血清中白蛋白/球蛋白比值（P〈0.05）。与对照组相比,日粮中添加百里香精油对21和42日龄麻花鸡血清中白介素-4、肿瘤坏死因子-α和γ-干扰素含量均无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但试验Ⅶ组可显著提高42日龄麻花鸡血清中白介素-1含量（P〈0.05）。综上所述,日粮中添加百里香精油可显著促进麻花鸡体内蛋白沉积,提高生长性能和增强γ-球蛋白和白介素-1细胞因子参与介导的免疫调节作用,建议生产中麻花鸡日粮中百里香精油的适宜添加量为0.10~0.25mg/kg。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of different levels of thyme essential oil on growth performance,serum protein and cytokines of Mahua broilers.768one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated into 8groups with 4replicates in each group and each replicate contained 24 broilers.The control group was fed with basic diet,ⅠtoⅦ groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30 and 0.35mg/kg thyme essential oil,respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days,including two phases of days 1to 21（starter period）and days 22 to 42（finisher period）.The results showed that there were no significant differences in all the indices about growth performance during the starter period among all groups（P〉0.05）.Compared with the control group,the ADG during the finisher period in theⅡtoⅥgroups was extremely significantly increased（P〈0.01）,the F/G during the finisher period in theⅢ,Ⅳ,Ⅵgroups was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.Compared with the control group,the serum content of ALB on day 42 in theⅡgroup was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）,the serum content of GLB on day 21 in theⅡtoⅤ,Ⅶ groups was significantly increased（P〈0.05）,the serum content of A/G during the whole period in theⅡ,Ⅳ,Ⅴgroups was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.Compared with the control group,the serum content of IL-1on day 42 in theⅦ group was significantly increased（P〈0.05）,but there were no significant differences in the contents of IL-4,TNF-αand IFN-γduring the whole period among all groups（P〉0.05）.In conclusion,thyme essential oil could promote the internal protein deposition,improve the growth performance and enhance the immune regulation of Mahua broilers,the suitable level was 0.10 to 0.25mg/kg.