器官获取组织质量管理的实践与思考

Practice and thinking of quality management of organ procurement organization

背景:随着人体捐献器官获取与分配相关政策的出台,器官获取、获取标准及器官如何分配都有了明确化的操作标准,但器官获取组织的工作流程、组织定位还不够精细化、规范化。目的:分析解放军广州军区广州总医院器官获取组织质量管理经验,及时审视工作进展并探讨需要改进的方面,为进一步加强器官获取组织质量管理和建立高效专业的器官获取组织提出相应对策。方法:通过关键词"器官捐献,器官移植,器官获取组织,质量管理;organ donation,organ transplantation,Organ Procurement Organization,quality management",在CNKI和PubMed等数据库中综合分析来源于核心期刊的文章。结果与结论:根据有关法律法规,解放军广州军区广州总医院制定了评价标准与检查标准,并成立了有关小组,实现职责与权力的统一和明确。同时,完善有关的器官捐献、获取、保存、登记等环节,根据这些不同环节制定针对性的质量管理计划。另外,定期举行协调员培训班,进行规范化培训。通过一系列质量管理措施,该院器官获取组织已逐步正规化,取得了一定成果,并且建议进一步强化科研研究,实现效率和效益的统一;提高院领导重视度,完善器官获取机制;重视人才培养,提高器官获取组织成员的专业素质;加强信息化管理,实现多学科协作;建立质量评价体系,实现全过程质量管理;重视医学伦理,实现医患和谐。

BACKGROUND：With the introduction of related policies on organ procurement and distribution, the organ procurement and standards of the organ procurement have a clear operational criteria, as wel as how to al ocate organs. But the work processes and organizational positioning on organ procurement organization are not enough elaborated and normal. OBJECTIVE：To analyze the experience of Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command as the organ procurement organization units in quality management, timely review working progress and explore areas for improvement, which provide the corresponding countermeasures for enhancing quality management and establishing the efficient and professional organ procurement organization. METHODS：A computer-based online search in CNKI database and PubMed database was performed with the keywords of“organ donation, organ transplantation, Organ Procurement Organization, quality management”in English and Chinese by screening titles and abstracts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：According to relevant laws and regulations, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command formulates a standard evaluation standard and sets up the team, thus achieving the reunification of the responsibilities and powers. At the same time, they improve the relevant organ donation,acquisition, preservation, registration, and design different quality management plans according to these different aspects. In addition, In addition, the hospital hold regular coordinator training and make it standardization. Through a series of quality management measures, the hospital organ procurement organization has gradual y regularized and achieved some results. It is recommended to further strengthen scientific research, achieve the unification of efficiency and effectiveness of scientific research;improve the awareness of the hospital leaders, consummate the mechanism of organ procurement;focus on personnel training, improve the professional quality of the organization members;enhance information management, achieve multi-disciplinary col aboration;build quality evaluation system, achieve the whole process of quality management;emphasize on medical ethics, and promote the harmony between the hospital and the patient.