光周期对小地老虎生长发育及繁殖的影响

Effects of photoperiod on the development and reproduction of Agrotis ypsilon

【目的】探明光周期对小地老虎Agrotis ypsilon(Rottemberg)生长发育及繁殖的影响。【方法】在实验条件下观察了5个光周期(0L︰24D,8L︰16D,12L︰12D,16L︰8D和24L︰0D)下小地老虎的生长发育和繁殖情况。【结果】随着光照时间增加,小地老虎生长速度加快,发育历期缩短,孵化率、存活率、羽化率、产卵量先增大后降低。其卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的最适光周期分别为12L︰12D或16L︰8D、16L︰8D、0L︰24D以及12L︰12D。综合来说,光周期16L︰8D最适合小地老虎的生长发育。【结论】研究结果初步揭示了不同光周期对小地老虎生长发育及繁殖状况存在显著的影响,并且不同虫态对光周期变化也呈现不同的变化规律。

[Objectives] To understand the effects of photoperiod on the development and reproduction of the black cutworm, Agrotis ypsilon （Rottemberg）. [Methods] The development and reproduction of the black cutworm kept under 5 different photoperiods （0L ： 24D, 8L ： 16D, 12L ： 12D, 16L ： 8D, 24L ： 0D） were observed under laboratory conditions. [Results] The growth of the black cutworm accelerated, and the developmental duration shortened, with increasing photoperiod, whereas hatchability, survival rate, eclosion rate and average fecundity first increased then decreased. The optimum photoperiods for eggs, larvae, pupae and adults were 12L ： 12D or 16L ： 8D, 16L ： 8D, 0L ： 24D and 12L ： 12D, respectively. Generally, 16L ： 8D was the optimum photoperiod for the development of the black cutworm. [Conclusion] Photoperiod had significant effects on the development and reproduction of the black cutworm, and different developmental stages had different responses to various photoperiods.