利用废弃陶瓷材料制备莫来石轻质材料

Preparation of light-weight mullite materials with ceramics wastes

为了回收利用废弃陶瓷材料,节约资源,以废弃陶瓷材料为主要原料,加入不同量的黏土(质量分数分别为15%、25%、35%),外加锯末和结合剂,经混料、成型、烘干后,1 200、1 250、1 300、1 350、1 400℃保温3 h热处理,然后检测试样的物理性能,并进行了物相和显微结构分析。结果表明,当废弃陶瓷材料与黏土的质量比为85 15,烧成温度为1 400℃时,试样的综合性能最优;由于热处理过程中发生了莫来石化,试样中的主要物相为莫来石;1 400℃热处理后试样的孔隙直径比1 200℃的大,基质结构也更加致密,由K2O、SiO2、Al2O3组成的液相也较多,因而使材料的强度增大。

In order to recycle ceramics wastes and save resources,mullite specimens were prepared using ceramics wastes as main starting materials,adding 15%,25% or 35% （in mass,the same hereinafter）of clay,extra-adding saw powder and binder,mixing,molding,drying,and hot treating at 1 200,1 250,1 300, 1 350 and 1 400 ℃ for 3 h,respectively.The physical properties of specimens were determined,the phase compositions and microstructure were analyzed.The results show that：the specimens have the best prop-erties with the mass ratio of ceramics wastes over clay of 85 15 and hot treated temperature of 1 400℃;the main phase of specimens is mullite because of the mullitization during the heat treatment;compared with the specimen treated at 1 200 ℃,that treated at 1 400 ℃ has larger pore diameter,denser matrix structure, and more liquid phase composed of K2 O,SiO2 and Al2 O3 ,therefore the strength improves.