冰冻圈变化及其对中国气候的影响

Progress in studies of cryospheric changes and their impacts on climate of China

冰冻圈是全球气候变化的显著因子和指示器,也是对气候系统影响最直接和最敏感的圈层,在地球气候系统中占据举足轻重的地位。在全球变暖背景下,冰冻圈研究受到前所未有的重视,成为气候系统研究中最活跃的领域之一;冰冻圈变化正在引起的一系列社会经济影响是当前全球变化和可持续发展最为关注的热点之一。文中给出了气候变暖背景下近几十年来全球和中国冰冻圈的变化特征,以及未来可能的变化趋势;着重从气候效应角度,综述了青藏高原和欧亚积雪、北极和南极海冰、冻土与冰川变化对中国气候影响的研究成果;并讨论了中国冰冻圈科学研究的未来发展方向。

The cryosphere is a prominent factor in and an indicator of global climate change.It serves one of the most direct and sensitive feedbacks in the climate system,and plays an important role in the earth＇s climate system.Cryospheric research has attracted unprecedented attention in the context of global warming,and is now one of the most active areas in studies of global change,sustainable development,and the climate system.This paper addresses recent and potential future changes in the cryosphere both globally and within China under the background of global warming.Particular attention is paid to progress toward understanding the impacts of the Tibetan Plateau and Eurasian snow cover,Arctic and Antarctic sea ice,and permafrost and glaciers on Chinese climate.The future development of cryospheric research in China is also discussed.