高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)提高唤醒的研究

Improving Athletes' Arouse through Repetitive High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

目的:探讨高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)提高唤醒的作用及其神经生物学效应,为使用rTMS提高运动员的唤醒水平提供理论依据。方法:采用被试内平衡设计,在被试左侧背外侧前额叶(DLPFC)分别施加磁刺激和假刺激(刺激参数为:20 Hz,90%RMT,持续5秒间隔55秒,3000次rTMS),比较刺激前、后的主观感觉,脑电(EEG)、脑电超慢涨落图(ET)及心率变异性(HRV)的变化。结果:rTMS刺激后被试的自评兴奋性提高,正性心理唤醒和心理唤醒强度增强,负性心理唤醒降低;额部、央部、顶部及前颞部β波的活动增强,枕部、后颞部、顶部θ波和枕部、后颞部δ波的活动减弱;全脑抑制性神经递质(INH)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)减少,兴奋性神经递质(EXH)和多巴胺(DA)增多;HRV的低频/高频比值(LF/HF)和归一化低频功率(LFnorm)升高;归一化高频功率(HFnorm)增加。结论:高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)能够提高唤醒,刺激后脑电(EEG)、神经递质及心率变异性(HRV)的变化在一定程度上可以对其神经生理效果进行解释。

Objective To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（rTMS）on the athlete＇s arouse. Methods By using within-subjects balance design,true rTMS（20Hz,90%RMT,3000 pulses in total,every 5-second stimulation with interval of 55 seconds）and pseudo-rTMS were respectively performed at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC）of the subjects,and then the changes in subjective feeling,electroencephalogram（EEG）,encephalofluctuograph technology（ET）and heart rate variability（HRV）of subjects were compared before and after stimulus. Results After rTMS,（1）the subjects＇ self-evaluation excitability improved,positive mental arousal intensity increased,negative mental arousal decreased;（2）the activity of β wave at frontal,central,parietal and anterior temporal areas increased,and θ wave at occipital,back temporal and parietal,and occipital areas,and δ wave at back temporal area decreased;（3）the inhibitory neurotransmitter,norepinephrine,and 5-hydroxytryptamine reduced,excitatory neurotransmitter and dopamine ammonia increased;（4）HRV at the ratio of low frequency to high frequency and normalized low frequency power increased,and at the normalized high frequency power decreased. Conclusion Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves arousal level of athletes through the neurobiological effect.