北极黄河站地区不同基底中真菌的分离培养及初步鉴定

Isolation and preliminary identification of fungi in different substrate from the Arctic Yellow River Station

为了探索北极陆域真菌的多样性,进一步揭示其生态学角色,本研究对中国第5次北极科学考察采集自黄河站区附近的24份样品进行了真菌的分离培养及鉴定,样品涂布划线后共分离得到60株真菌,其中腐殖质样品中分离到的真菌种类和数量最多;对选取的28株代表菌株进行了真菌ITS区序列鉴定,结果表明它们分属于4个纲,12个属,分别为散囊菌纲、粪壳菌纲、座囊菌纲和微藻菌纲,其中地丝霉属为优势类群。该结果表明北极地区具有丰富的真菌物种多样性。通过对代表土壤理化性质的测定,探究了真菌多样性和土壤理化参数的相关性,其中有机碳氮及可溶性营养盐含量是影响北极土壤真菌多样性的重要指标。

In order to explore the diversity of fungi in the Arctic land and reveal their ecological roles,fungi were isolated and identified from 24 samples collected from Yellow River Station during the 5^th Chinese Artic Scientific Expedition in the present study.Sixty strains of fungi were totally isolated by plate spreading and streaking.More fungal species and quantity were isolated in humus than in other samples.Classification and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS rDNA showed that 28 representative fungal strains belonged to 4classes,including Eurotiomycetes,Sordariomycetes,Dothideomycetes and Phycomycetes,and 12 genus.Geomyces was one of the most dominant genera among them.The data indicated that abundant fungal diversity existed in Arctic.The relationship between physicochemical parameters of soil and fungal diversity was explored through determination of physical and chemical properties of the representative soil.The organic carbon and nitrogen and soluble nutrient content are important factors affecting the fungal diversity in Arctic.