苯妥英钠对慢性高眼压兔视神经的保护作用

Protective effects of phenytoin on optic nerve in rabbits with chronic ocular hyperension

目的观察苯妥英钠对慢性高眼压兔视网膜神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cellRGC)及视神经的保护作用。方法 30只新西兰白兔随机分为3组:高眼压组、高眼压治疗组与正常眼压组,每组10只。每天高眼压治疗组给予苯妥英钠灌胃。高眼压造模成功后4周时摘除3组兔眼球标本分别做HE染色和TUNEL标记,观察RGC的细胞密度和凋亡细胞数量,用透射电子显微镜观察视网膜细胞凋亡情况。结果节细胞层凋亡细胞:正常眼压组(0.40±0.15)×10-2μm-2,高眼压组(3.40±0.62)×10-2μm-2,高眼压治疗组(1.75±0.28)×10-2μm-2;内核层:正常眼压组(0.95±0.24)×10-2μm-2,高眼压组(18.70±2.41)×10-2μm-2,高眼压治疗组(8.75±1.03)×10-2μm-2。高眼压组和高眼压治疗组与正常眼压组比较,RGC密度减小、各层凋亡细胞数量增多(均为P<0.05);高眼压治疗组与高眼压组比较,RGC密度大、凋亡细胞数量少(均为P<0.05)。电镜下高眼压组与高眼压治疗组均观察到凋亡小体。结论苯妥英钠对慢性高眼压RGC和视神经有保护作用。

phenytoin; chronic ocular hypertension; neuroprotection; rabbits [ Abstract] Objective To observe the protective effects of phenytoin on retinal ganglion cells（RGC） and optic nerve in rabbits with ocular hypertension （OH）. Methods Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups randomly：normal group, OH group and OH treated group, 10 cases in each group. Phenytoin was irrigated into the stomachs in the OH treated group every day. For HE and Ttmel-labeled studies, the rabbit eyes were made into eyeball and optic nerve samples after 4 weeks. The density of RGC and the number of retinal apoptotic cells were observed. Transmission electron microscope was used to detect the apoptosis of retinal cells. Results The apoptosis of RGC in normal group was（0.40 ±0. 15） × 10^-2 μm^-2 ,in OH group was （3.40 ±0.62）× 10^-2 μm^-2 ,in OH treated group was（ 1.75±0.28） ×10 ^-2 μm^-2. The apoptosis of cells in inner nuclear layer in normal group was （ 0.95 ± 0.24 ） ×10 ^-2μm^-2, in OH group was （18. 7 ±2.41） ×10^-2 μm^-2,in OH treated group was（8.75 ± 1.03） × 10^-2 μm^-2. Compared with the normal group, the density and numbers of RGC in OH group and OH treated group were decreased （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with OH group, the density of RGC was high,the apoptotic cell was few in OH treated group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Apoptotic bodies were detected by transmission electron microscope both in OH group and OH treated group. Conclusion Phenytoin has the protective effects on RGC and optic nerve axons in chronic OH.