眼轴长度对健康成年人24 h眼压波动的影响

Effects of ocular axial length on 24-hour intraocular pressure fluctuations

目的探讨眼轴长度对健康成年人24 h眼压波动的影响。方法使用Goldmann眼压计测量57例（114眼）健康成年人24 h眼压波动（5∶00 am、7∶00 am、10∶00 am、2∶00 pm、6∶00 pm、10∶00 pm）;采用超声测厚仪测量其眼轴长度,按照眼轴长度分为正常眼轴组（23.0～25.0 mm）、长眼轴组（〉25.0 mm）及短眼轴组（〈23.0 mm）。使用SPSS 13.0统计软件对测量值进行统计分析。结果所有观察对象眼轴长度为（23.77±1.42）mm,其中正常眼轴组22例44眼眼轴长度为（23.91±0.49）mm、长眼轴组17例34眼眼轴长度为（25.41±0.28）mm,及短眼轴组18例36眼眼轴长度为（22.23±0.61）mm。正常眼轴组、长眼轴组及短眼轴组的眼压分别为（14.88±3.01）mmHg（1 kPa=7.5 mmHg）、（17.17±3.88）mmHg和（18.78±5.08）mmHg,3组眼压两两比较差异均无统计学意义（均为P〉0.05）;3组24 h眼压波动值分别为（4.14±1.17）mmHg、（4.09±1.24）mmHg和（4.86±1.81）mmHg;3组24 h眼压波动值两两比较,短眼轴组眼压波动值大于正常眼轴组（t=2.075,P=0.042）及长眼轴组（t=2.096,P=0.040）,但正常眼轴组与长眼轴组间差异无统计学意义（t=0.175,P=0.861）。Pearson相关分析结果显示,眼轴长度与24 h眼压波动值呈显著负相关（r=-0.254,P=0.006）。结论眼轴长度与健康成年人24 h眼压波动值呈负相关关系,眼轴越短眼压波动值越大。

Objective To evaluate the effects of axial length on 24-hour intraocular pressure（IOP） fluctuations in human eyes. Methods Measurements of IOP were obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometer on 5∶00 am,7∶00 am,10∶00 am,2∶00 pm,6∶00 pm and 10∶00pm during a 24-hour period from 57 healthy adults（114 eyes）. The axial length was measured in all subjects using ultrasound pachymetry. Based on the axial length,all subjects were divided into three groups,normal group（23. 0- 25. 0 mm）,long axial length group（ 〉25. 0 mm）,and short axial length group（ 〈23. 0 mm）. Data were analyzed by statistic software SPSS 13. 0. Results The average axial length was（23. 77 ± 1. 42）mm in all subjects,（23. 91 ± 0. 49） mm in normal group（22 cases,44 eyes）,（25. 41 ± 0. 28） mm in long axial length group（17 cases,34 eyes）,and（22. 23 ± 0. 61）mm in short axial length group（18 cases,36 eyes）. IOP were（14. 88 ± 3.01）mmHg（1 kPa = 7. 5 mmHg）,（17. 17 ± 3. 88） mmHg and（18. 78 ± 5. 08） mmHg in three groups,respectively,there was no statistical difference between each group（P 〉0. 05）. The average IOP fluctuations were（4. 14 ± 1. 17）mmHg,（4. 09 ± 1. 24） mmHg and（4. 86 ± 1. 81） mmHg in three groups,respectively,there were larger IOP fluctuations in short axial length group than in normal group（t = 2. 075,P = 0. 042） and in long axial length group（ t = 2. 096,P = 0.040）,however,there was no statistical difference between normal group and long axial length group（t = 0. 175,P = 0. 861）. The 24-hour IOP fluctuations was negative correlated with axial length（r =- 0. 254,P = 0. 006）. Conclusion The axial length is negative correlated with 24-hour IOP fluctuations,and short axial length has a larger 24-hour IOP variation than long axial length in healthy adults.