视神经脑膜上皮细胞研究进展

Research advances in optic nerve meningothelial cells

目前视神经疾病基础研究的热点大多侧重于神经胶质细胞、视网膜神经节细胞上,而对于包绕视神经的脑膜以及覆盖视神经脑膜的主要细胞成分——脑膜上皮细胞在视神经疾病中作用的研究甚少。脑膜上皮细胞直接与脑脊液相接触,在脑脊液和视神经之间参与屏障的形成,在保持屏障完整性上发挥重要作用。视神经脑膜上皮细胞在各种应激下可能发生结构和功能变化,从而影响脑脊液和视神经之间屏障的正常生理作用,可能成为导致视神经疾病的机制之一。本文综述了脑膜上皮细胞在维持脑脊液和视神经屏障中作用的最新研究进展,为进一步研究视神经疾病提供理论基础。

Most basic investigations are currently focused on the exploration of mechanisms of neuronal-astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells that are believed to be involved in the pathogenisis of optic neuropathy,whereas,less emphasis has been given to the meninges and meningothelial cells which as the major cell population covering the orbital optic nerve sheath. Meningothelial cells directly contact with cerebral spinal fluid and build a fluid barrier between cerebral spinal fluid and optic nerve,and play a critical role in maintaining the integrity and physical function of this barrier. From this point,the possible involvement of meningothelial cells in optic nerve diseases warrants further investigation. The changes in structure and function of meningothelial cells affected by all kinds of stress might lead to the disorder of physical function of cerebral spinal fluid and optic nerve barrier,which might be one of pathologic mechanisms contributing to optic neuropathy. This article reviews the newest research development and innovative ideas about meningothelial cells in the role of mataining the balance of the barrier between cerebral spinal fluid and optive nerve,therefore to shed a new light onto the future research on optic nerve disorders.