嗅觉障碍常见病因、治疗及预后

Etiologies,treatment and prognosis of olfactory dysfunction

虽然对嗅觉的依赖相对于其他动物要小很多,但是嗅觉在人类生命活动中仍是不可或缺的。除了识别气味信号,嗅觉在增加食欲、预警危险、参与记忆、调节情绪及免疫方面还有重要作用。嗅觉的丧失会严重影响患者的生活质量。我们对嗅觉系统的基础研究相对听力、视觉来说起步较晚,而临床研究更是明显滞后。现就嗅觉障碍常见病因、治疗及预后的临床进展做简单介绍。

Olfaction is one of the ancient sensing capabilities and plays an important role in monitoring environment.Although olfactory loss is common,it′s obviously underappretiated by medical community generally.In order to help patients with those problems,the author gives an brief review about the characters of common etiologies,treatment and prognosis of Olfactory Dysfunction.It′s concluded that most usual causes resulting in dysosmia are upper-respiratory-tract infections,trauma,and chronic rhinosinusitis;and our understanding of the olfaction mechanism grows,but frustratingly,aside from the possible therapeutic potential of systemic steroids,no method has been proved to have solid evidence for curing olfactory loss;so we need more new basic and clinic research to develop effective therapeutic intervention.