《亚鲁王》:“英雄史诗”还是“活态史诗”

King Yalu:“Heroic Epic ”or “Living Epic ”

西方以荷马史诗为范例建构起来的"英雄史诗"观念有两个要素,一是一个民族对另一个民族的战争,一是凭勇敢获得财富和荣誉。"英雄史诗"只是解读《亚鲁王》的一个维度,而不能囊括其作为口头史诗的本质特征。在苗族丧葬仪式上面对亡灵展演的史诗《亚鲁王》是一种活在民间仪式中的文学,它以仪式展演为主要生存形态,以口耳相传为主要传播方式,具有鲜明的活态性。

There are two basic elements in western ＂Heroic Epic ＂ concept based on Homer epic, one is that nation war against another nation, and the other is that gaining the wealth and honor by bravery. ＂Heroic Epic can not sum up the essential characteristic of King Yalu as the oral epic. The epic King Yalu performed on the Hmong funeral ritual in the face of the dead is a kind of literature living in the folk ritual, whose main existing form is in ritual performances, and the main mode of transmission is through word of mouth, therefore it is provided with distinctive living characteristic