煤炭安全高效开采技术与装备发展

Development and Prospects on Technology and Equipment of Safe and Efficient Mining

基于我国煤炭工业＂黄金十年＂安全高效开采技术发展成就,阐述了液压支架与围岩刚度耦合、强度耦合、稳定性耦合关系理论的创立与应用;提出了大倾角煤层液压支架＂自撑—邻拉—底推—顶挤＂的稳定性控制策略及成套技术;解决了薄煤层超大伸缩比立柱、智能化开采技术难题,研发0.6~1.3m复杂薄煤层自动化综采成套技术与装备,实现工作面有人值守无人操作;开发了7m特大采高综采成套装备及大梯度过渡配套技术,实现大采高综采技术新突破;研发了特厚煤层大采高综放开采成套技术与装备,成功实现14~20m特厚煤层安全、高效、高回收率开采。基于煤炭市场发展趋势和技术发展要求,展望＂十三五＂煤炭安全、高效、集约、智能化开采技术与装备发展方向。

Based on the important achievements in safe and efficient mining technology during the golden decade for coal industry, the paper introduced foundation and application of the theory on stiffness coupling, strength coupling and stability coupling relationship of hydraulic support and surrounding rock; proposed the stability control strategy and packaged technology of ＂self - supporting - neighboring pull - bottom push - top crush＂ for large dip angle coal seam; solved the technological problem of stand column with super - large magnification ratio and intelligentized mining for thin coal seam, invented packaged technology and equipment of automatic fully mechanized mining for O. 6 ~ 1.3m complex thin coal seam, realizing remote control and unmanned operation; developed fully mechanized packaged equipment of 7m ultra - large mining height and big gradient transition techniques ; also developed packaged technology and equipment of large mining height fully mechanized top coal caving, realizing safe, efficient and high - recovery mining of 14 ~ 20m ultra - thick coal seam; and prospected the requirement of the 13th Five - Year Plan for coal industry, calling for safe, efficient, intensive and intelligentized mining technology and equipment, based on the coal market trend and technology development requirement.