城市公共交通时间差别定价模型

Temporal differentiation fare model of urban public transport

为解决城市公共交通出行时间需求不均衡的问题,构建了时间差别费率定量计算与复合城市交通网络流量分配双层规划模型。上层为社会福利最优模型,下层通过非必要性出行系数描述多方式分时段复合城市交通网络随机弹性需求的公交时间差别定价模型。运用遗传算法对模型整体进行求解,下层模型采用综合对角化算法和MSA算法的组合求解算法。最后,设计了一个算例以说明模型应用。结果表明,运用时间差别定价方案比高峰/平峰同一费率定价方案社会福利目标函数高37.1,乘客对平峰时段降低票价的弹性高于对高峰时段增加票价的弹性,实行高峰增加票价同时平峰降低票价的方案效果最为明显。

To solve the unbalance of travel time demand of urban public transport,this paper constructed model of temporal differentiation fare and flow distribution in multimodal different times composite network.The upper model was an optimal so-cial welfare and the lower model described multimodal different times composite network with elastic demand by unnecessary travel coefficient.It solved the overall model using genetic algorithm and solved the lower model by diagonalization algorithm combined with the MSA algorithm.Finally it gave a simple numeral example.The results indicate that the social welfare objec-tive function of temporal differentiation fare program is 37.1 higher.And the program of increasing fare in the peak level while reducing fare in the flat peak have a more obvious effect.