不同施肥水平对高寒旱地全膜覆盖马铃薯水分利用效率的影响

Effects of different fertility levels on water use efficiency(WUE) of whole film mulching potato in alpine-cold arid region

为了探讨高寒旱地全膜覆盖下不同施肥水平对马铃薯水分利用效率的影响,采用随机区组设计,通过田间施肥试验研究不同施肥水平对马铃薯水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:在氮、磷肥用量为N1P1(N:150 kg/hm2,P2O5:103.50 kg/hm2)水平时,产量最高、为19 057.1 kg/hm2,比不施肥增产46.34%;耗水量低于其他施肥水平的处理、为463.70 mm;水分利用效率(WUE)最高、为48.95 kg/(hm2·mm);且随着施肥水平的提高,水分利用效率不但没有增加,反而下降。因此,高寒旱区全膜覆盖下种植马铃薯施肥以低水平效果最好,既可以保证产量又达到了农田水分的充分利用。

The effects of different fertility levels on the water use efficiency（WUE） of the whole film mulching potato in alpine-cold arid region were researched through field fertilization experiment with randomized block design. The results showed that, when N, P2O5 application amounts were 150.00 kg/hm^2, 103.50 kg/hm^2, the yield of potato reached the highest with 19 057.1 kg/hm^2, and increased by 46.34% compared with no fertilizer; water consumption was 463.70 mm, lower than that in other fertility levels; WUE was up to the highest with 48.95 kg/（hm^2·mm）, and with the increase of fertilizer amount,WUE declined. Therefore, low levels of fertilization not only can guarantee the production, but also get the full utilization of farmland water, is better for the whole film mulching potato planting in alpine-cold arid region,.