大学生压力后成长问卷的编制

Development of the Undergraduates' Post-Stress Growth Questionnaire

目的：探索中国文化背景下大学生压力后成长的结构维度，编制大学生压力后成长量表，并检验其效度和信度。方法：通过文献分析、开放式问卷调查（n=120）和访谈（n=15）编制题项，形成初测问卷。选取456名预测样本进行探索性因子分析，选取570名正式施测样本进行项目分析、验证性因子分析、效标关联效度检验和内部一致性信度检验；从正式施测样本中抽取147人间隔2周后重测。以复原力量表（RQ）为效标工具。结果：探索性因子分析表明，问卷的结构维度包括人际关系、生活观念、应对技能、自我认知4个因子，能解释总方差的48．84％；验证性因子分析表明4个因子与构想模型拟合较好（x^2／,if：2．38，CFI=0．97，GFI=0．94，AGFI=0．92，NFI=0．95，RMSEA=0．05）；问卷得分与RQ得分呈正相关（r=0．43，P〈0．01）。总问卷的Cronbachd系数是0．87，4个因子的a系数在0．64～0．79之间；总问卷的重测信度为0．80，4个因子的相关系数在0．68～0．84之间。结论：本研究编制的大学生压力后成长问卷具有良好的效度和信度，可作为测量大学生压力后成长的有效工具。

Objective： To explore the contained dimensions of undergraduates′ post-stress growth based on Chinese actual conditions and to develop the Undergraduate＇s Post-Stress Growth Questionnaire （UPSGQ）. Methods： According to literature analysis, open-label questionnaire investigation （ n = 120） ） and interview （ n = 15）, the preliminary questionnaire of undergraduates＇post-stress growth was designed. After two sampling tests, the first pre- dicted sample （n = 456） was conducted with item analysis and exploratory factor analysis （EFA）, and the formal tested sample （n = 570） was conducted with confirmatory factor analysis （CFA）. Another sample of 147 undergraduates was tested and retested two weeks later. The Resiliency Questionnaire （RQ） were used to test its criterion validity. Results： EFA showed that the scale contained 4 dimensions, including inter-personal relationship, life view, coping skills and self-concept. It explained the 48. 84% of total variance. CFA showed that the 4 dimensions fitted well with structural model （x^2/df= 2. 38, CFI = 0. 97, GFI = 0. 94, AGFI =0. 92, NFI = 0. 95, and RMSEA = 0. 05）. The UPSGQ scores were positively correlated with the RQ scores （r =0. 43, P 〈0.01）. The Cronbach＇s α coefficients were 0. 87 for the total scale and 0. 64 -0. 79 for the 4 dimensions. The test-retest reliabilities were 0. 80 for the total scale and 0. 68 - 0. 84 for the 4 dimensions. Conclusion： The Undergraduate′ s Post-Stress Growth Questionnaire （UPSGQ） has good validity and reliability, and could be applied to measure the undergraduates＇post-stress growth.