车客渡船舱室噪声预报与控制

Cabin Noise Prediction and Control of a Car-Passenger Ferry

针对新设计的100 m级海峡车客渡船开展舱室噪声预报和控制研究。使用统计能量分析(SEA)软件VA One预报所有舱室的噪声,由经验公式得到喷水激励、主辅机、泵体和风机等设备的结构噪声和空气噪声,并加载间接式通风空调口振动的实测值。采用特性分析的方法讨论结构噪声和空气噪声的传播方式,结果表明,结构噪声比空气噪声传播得更远。分析不同舱室的主要噪声来源,发现船舶下层结构,即艏楼甲板以下舱室的噪声主要来自机舱内,而上层建筑舱室的主要噪声则间接来自通风空调口。对于噪声超标的舱室,采取敷设阻尼材料和吸声材料以及加装消声器的减振降噪措施。研究表明,统计能量法适用于船舶设计阶段的噪声预报和声学优化计算,所得数据可为今后100 m级实船设计提供参考依据。

This paper investigates the cabin noise prediction and control for a newly-designed car-passen-ger ferry. The Statistic Energy Analysis（SEA） software VA One is used to predict the noise levels in all cab-ins of the ferry, while the structure-borne noise and air-borne noise, caused by the external excitation fromthe water-jet, propelled and auxiliary engines, pumps and fans, etc., are obtained with the empirical formu-la. The measured air-conditioning vibration is also loaded. The characteristic analysis method is used to an-alyze the transmission modes of the structure-borne noise and air-borne noise, and the results indicate thatthe structure-borne noise spreads further than the air-borne noise. Next, the primary noise sources for dif-ferent cabins are analyzed, where the noise of cabins under the forecastle deck is mainly from the machin-ery space, and the noise of superstructure is mainly from the air-conditioning. Accordingly, the dampingmaterial and sound absorption material are used to reduce the noise in the noise-excessive cabins. Finally,the limitation in the application scope of the statistical energy analysis is pointed out, and the method isseen to be suitable for the cabin noise prediction and acoustic optimization in the stage of ship design. Theresults obtained in this study may be used to provide a reference for the 100 m class ship design.