不同苹果品种抗寒性的研究

Research on Cold Resistance in 8 Apple Cultivars

为了检测适宜加工苹果不同品种在石河子的抗寒适应性,筛选适宜在石河子地区大面积推广的加工苹果品种,采用试验室模拟田间低温环境方法对8个苹果品种1年生枝条分别在4、-15、-20、-25、-30、-35℃条件下进行预处理,并对其相对电导率并计算临界半致死温度(LT40)、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸及丙二醛含量进行研究。结果显示,经过不同梯度低温处理后,寒富、国光的萌芽率显著较高;相对电导率显著较低;国光丙二醛含量显著性较低;寒富的脯氨酸含量与可溶性蛋白含量显著较高。结论:苹果枝条经过低温胁迫后,寒富、国光、甜格力在石河子地区抗寒能力较好。

In order to study the cold resistance of apple cultivars,eight apple cultivars were used to compare their tolerance under cold resistance.One-year-old dormant branches were collected as the materials,for measuring their germination rate,relative conductivity,semi-lethal temperatures（LT40） and biochemical indexes such as soluble protein,free proline,aldehyde under different low temperatures at 4 ℃,-15 ℃,-20℃,-25 ℃,-30 ℃,-35 ℃,respectively.The results showed that the germination rate was obviously higher in Ralls Janet and Hanfu than in other culitivars under the low temperature conditions.The contents of relative conductivity and semi-lethal temperatures（LT40） were obviously lower in Han Fu and Coetligne.The content of aldehyde was obviously lower in Ralls Jane than in other cultivars.The contents of soluble protein and free proline were obviously higher in Hanfu than in other cultivars.Our results indicated that the germination rate,relative conductivity and soluble protein were acted as reliable indicators after treated by different low temperature;Hanfu,Ralls Janet and Coetligne showed higher cold resistance than other cultivars.