不同育成年代大豆品种光合速率及农艺性状分析

Analysis on Photosynthetic Rate and Agronomic Characters of Different Soybean Varieties

为筛选出具有高光效和农艺性状优良的大豆种质资源,对黑龙江省和吉林省育成的140份大豆品种进行了光合速率和农艺性状的变化分析。结果表明:随着年代的推移,不同年代品种在始荚期(R3)、始粒期(R5)、鼓粒期(R6)3个时期光合速率平均值呈递增趋势;各熟期组间光合速率的平均值差异不显著,但熟期组内变异系数较大,说明可以从不同熟期组中筛选光合速率高的材料作为高光效、高产优异的品种资源利用,例如:黑河27、黑河38和黑农41等品种;生育日数有缩短趋势;株高和主茎节数有增加趋势;单株荚数、单株粒重和百粒重随年代递增,是产量随年代增加的主要因素。

In order to screen soybean germplasm resources with high photosynthetic efficiency and agronomic characters,the change of photosynthetic rate and agronomic characters of 140 soybean cultivars was analyzed which cultivated in Heilongjiang and Jilin province. The results showed that the average of photosynthetic rate increased gradually at R3 ,R5 and R6 stages. The difference of average photosynthetic rate between each groups was not significant,but cofficient of variation was larger in the group. It showed that some soybean cultivars with high photosynthetic rate could taken as the resources with high photosynthetic efficiency and high yield, such as Heihe 27, Heihe 38, Heinong 41 and so on. Growth days gradually shortened,plant height and node number increased, pod number per plant, seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight increased, and these were the main factors of yield increasing.