基于多目标遗传算法的扭转梁式后悬架分析与设计

Analysis and Design of Torsion Beam Suspension Based on Genetic Algorithm Multi-objective Optimization

通过推导扭转横梁的剪切中心,建立了某扭转梁式后悬架等效侧倾运动学模型,计算得到了前束角、轮距以及侧倾中心随侧倾运动时轮跳的变化关系。利用多目标遗传算法,将悬架横梁的位置、衬套中心位置作为设计变量,以车轮运动的前束角、轮胎侧向滑移量以及静态侧倾中心高度为目标函数对数学模型进行了优化,一次性获得了所有的非支配解。通过获得的Pareto解的边界,选择合适的悬架侧倾运动学特性,可以指导扭转梁式后悬架的设计,大幅提高扭转梁式后悬架的设计效率。

Through the derivation of torsion beam shear center,a twist beam rear suspension equivalent kinematics model was established under the conditions of roll case,and then the changing relationship among toe angle,wheel track and roll center with the wheel travel in rolling motion could be easily obtained based on this model.Taking the location of beam and center of bushing as design variables,using multi-objective genetic algorithm,an optimization was applied to the variation of toe angle,tire side slip and static roll center height during suspension bouncing,then all the non dominated solutions could be worked out at one time.The suitable suspension roll kinematics characteristics could be chosen from the obtained Pareto solution of the boundary according to the demands,which can be used to guide the design of torsion beam suspension and greatly improve the torsion beam suspension design efficiency.