试探对新闻媒体侵害隐私权的立法完善

Probe into the Legislation Improvement of News Media's Violation of Privacy

以新闻自由权利为依托的新闻媒体在现代社会已成为公众获取公共信息必不可少的工具。但现实中,新闻自由的滥用却对具有基本人权属性的隐私权造成了侵害:新闻媒体基于主观过错,实施了侵害他人隐私的行为,造成了他人隐私权受损的事实。对此,可通过协商、调解和诉讼解决纠纷;但根据我国现有的法律,隐私权作为一项独立的人格权缺乏细致的保护。鉴此,为找到新闻自由和隐私权的契合点,应从确定个人隐私的范围、界定隐私权的保护内容、扩大侵犯隐私权的责任承担方式和突出隐私权的宪法保护四个方面完善相关立法。

News media, which relies on the press freedom, has become an indispensable tool for public access to public information in the modem society. But in reality, the abuse of press freedom has created the much violation to privacy with basic human rights properties： news media, based on subjective fault, implements the behavior of the infringement of privacy, thus the privacy of other people is violated. And the disputes can be solved through consultation mediation and litigation. But according to the existing law in our country, the right of privacy, as an independent personality right, lacks careful protection. Therefore, in order to find the correspondency of press freedom and privacy, we should perfect relevant legislation from the following four aspects： determining the scope of privacy, defining the fight of privacy protection, expanding liability mode of privacy violation, and highlighting the constitutional protection of privacy.