海洋平台油气火灾爆炸机理及其结构响应特性研究进展

Review of fire and explosion mechanism and structural response characteristics of offshore platforms

火灾、爆炸等重大灾害条件下海洋平台结构风险评估涉及众多学科和研究领域,一直是国内外学者关注的热点问题。从试验、爆炸模型和火灾/爆炸平台结构载荷与结构响应研究等方面,综述近年来国内外在海洋平台油气火灾、爆炸机理及其作用下平台结构力学行为及响应特性研究方面的现状与最新进展,评述这些进展的科学性与局限性,指出海洋平台环境条件下火灾/爆炸机理及其对平台结构影响研究的特点以及存在的问题,并展望海洋工程重大灾害及结构风险研究领域的热点问题和发展趋势。

Risk evaluation of offshore structures subjected to major disasters （ e. g. oil ＆ gas fire and explosion） is related to many subjects and research fields, and has been a hotspot concerned by both domestic and overseas scholars. The paper reviews the present situation and new development of the study on the fire and explosion mechanism and corresponding structural mechanics characteristics of offshore platforms. Experimental research, gas explosion models, structural loads and corresponding response under the influence of fire and explosion are covered. The scientific meaning and limitations of these developments are commented, and some characteristics and problems that demand attention in those aspects are proposed. Finally, the development trend and hotspot of the study on the major disasters and structural risk assessment of offshore engineering are predicted.