试论古都西安的地理环境优势

The Ancient Capital of Xi'an Geographical Superiority

西安,位列中国八大古都之首。由于它地处古代四关之中,交通便利,地理位置十分优越;位于东南沿海湿润气候向西北内陆干旱气候的过渡带上,因此,具有宜居的气候条件;河流众多,分布密集,水利资源丰富,使这里成为我国农业发展最早的地区之一;生物种群多样丰富,地质地貌独特。正是由这些因素,构成了西安优越的地理环境优势,为古代都城的选择和现代大型城市的兴起提供了良好的基础。这也是西安这座千年古都长盛不衰、绵延不断、蓬勃发展的原因之所在。

Xi’an, which is called Chang’an in ancient times, is located in the first of the eight ancient capitals in China. Be-cause it is located in the center of the four ancient passes and transportation is convenient, the geographical position is extremely su-perior; located in the southeastern coastal humid climate to the northwest inland arid climate transition zone, therefore, it has a liva？ble climate. Many rivers with dense distribution and abundant water resources make here become one of the earliest developed areasin China’s agriculture; biological species diversity is rich, with unique geological features. For these factors it constitutes Xi’an su-perior geographical environment advantage, providing a good foundation for the choice of the rise of ancient capital and modern city.This is the reason the cause of the Xi’an vigorous development in the long history.