农村生产经营体制创新的主要障碍与核心问题——基于四川省典型地区调研资料的思考

Main Barrier and Core Problems in System Innovation of Rural Production and Business——Reflection Based on Survey Materials in Typical Areas of Sichuan Province

我国改革开放初期基于家庭联产承包制建立的"统分结合"双层农村经营体制,"分"之后"小生产"传统农业生产方式得以延续,农村产权制度也没有发生根本性变革,导致现代农业生产要素植入困难,无法顺利实现传统农业的现代化改造。四川农村经营体制创新的实践表明,目前,我国农业生产经营主体日益多样化,农户的农业专业化与兼业化生产经营并存;虽然自下而上的制度变迁方式使农村经营体制创新表现出多样化,但农村产权制度仍然是制度创新的主要障碍。因此,我国农村经营体制创新应坚持"分",创新"统";改革的核心问题在于"统"的层面,关键是要全面推进农村产权制度改革。

The double-level rural business system, “the combination of unified and separated business system”,built based on contracted land system of a family at the initial period of reform and opening-up of China makes thetraditional agriculture production methods of “small production” continue after the “separation”, but rural propertyownership does not make basic change, which leads to the difficulty in the introduction of modern agriculturalproduction factors. Thus, the modernized reconstruction of the traditional agriculture can not be smoothlyimplemented. The practice in rural business system innovation of Sichuan Province shows that currently, the mainbody of China’ s agriculture production and business becomes more and more diversified, that both agriculturalspecification and diversification exist in the production and business of the households, and that rural property rightsystem is still the main barrier of the institutional innovation though the institutional evolution method from bottom-up makes rural