《共同核心州立标准》背景下的美国特殊教育融合发展探析

An Analysis on Inclusive Development of American Special Education Under the Background of "Common Core State Standards"

美国《共同核心州立标准》对K-12年级所有学生应该掌握的知识和技能作出了明确的规定。共同的核心课程和明确的高期望为特殊教育融合发展带来了历史性机遇。随着该标准即将全面实施,为保障特殊教育学生能平等参与普通课程学习且达到高标准要求,州教育管理部门、学校和专业组织纷纷对特殊教育教学模式、组织形式、学业评估和师资培养等进行了改革调整,从而进一步推动美国特殊教育与普通教育的融合发展。

American ＂Common Core State Standards＂ specifies the knowledge and skills that all the K-12 students shall acquire. The common core curricula and clear high expectations bring a historic opportunity for the inclusive development of special education. Upon the incoming full implementation of the standards, the state education authorities, schools and professional organizations, aiming at ensuring the equal participation of special education students in the general curriculum and their high standards of learning, have initiated a series of reforms in the teaching model, organizational forms, achievement assessment and teacher training, etc., which therefore have promoted the Inclusive development of special education in the USA.