试论先秦儒家对孝道的理性化建构

Discussing Rational Construction of the Filial Piety by Confucians in Pre-Qin Period

春秋战国时期,上古三代神祗文化渐向以理性精神为主的人文文化转变。先秦儒家从多方面致力于孝道的理性化建构,一方面纳孝于仁、礼,论孝为仁之本根、礼之文理,解决行孝正当性问题;另一方面主张事亲以礼,生死不辍,量力而行,诠释行孝之具体路径;同时高扬孝道合乎义的精神,以义约孝,规范不当孝行。由此使孝道成为仁、礼、义圆融,情理兼具的辩证理论体系。阐发富含理性之光的先秦儒家孝道,对于弘扬中华传统美德和构建社会主义核心价值观,具有重大的理论与现实意义。

During the Spring & Autumn and the Warring States Period,there was a transition from god-worshiping culture to humane culture which mainly included rational spirit gradually. Confucians of Pre-Qin Period paid to much attention to the rational construction of the Filial Piety in many sides, on the one hand,they made the Filial Piety in Ren and Li,proved it was the root of Ren and the essence of Li,for resolving why to conduct the Filial Piety and the legitimacy; on the other hand,they advocated that the offspring should serve his parents by Li when they were alive or not,keep respecting to parents as possibly as could,which give the way of how to conduct the Filial Piety;meanwhile,they highly developed the spirit of Yi by which the Filial Piety can be controlled in a proper category to the moderatestatus,ruling the unsuitable deed. Therefore,they made the Filial Piety to be a dialectical theory system,which compromised Ren,Li and Yi,contained sense and sensibility.When we elucidate the Filial Piety of Confucian in Pre-Qin Period which was full of rational resource,there should be an important theory and realistic meaning for promoting Chinese traditional virtue and establishing socialism key value concept.