呼吸道九联检检测小儿急性肺炎病原体分布特点的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of respiratory tract nine inspection detection of pathogens distribution characteristics of children with acute pneumonia

目的:调查分析2013年下半年小儿急性肺炎的病原体分布情况,为临床用药提供病原学依据,以便更有效地治疗小儿急性肺炎,做到因病施治,缩短治疗过程,减轻患儿痛苦。方法:采集儿科门诊留观确诊为小儿急性肺炎患儿的68例血清标本送贵阳市第二人民医院检验科作呼吸道九联检检测,即嗜肺军团1型(Legionella pneumnopila typel,LP1)、肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumonia,MP)、肺炎衣原体(Chlamydia pneumonia,CPn)、Q热立克次体(Richettsia query,QFR);五种呼吸道病毒:腺病毒(Adenovirus,ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)、甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(Influenza B virus,IFVB)、副流感病毒(Parainfluenza virus,PIVs)九种病原体,得出小儿急性肺炎的病原体分布情况,并作出分析。结果:在68例肺炎患儿中,总的呼吸道病原体阳性率为41.18%,其中最高的是MP 17.65%,依次为RSV 10.29%,IFVB 4.41%,ADV 0.29%,LP 10.15%,CPN 0.15%,IFVA 0.15%,PLVS 0.15%,QFR 0.00%。结论:小儿急性肺炎的病原体以支原体和呼吸道合胞病毒感染较常见,亦存在其他病原体感染,病原体的种类因年龄而存在差异性。在临床用药中宜依据病原体选择用药。若无条件作呼吸道病原体检测,可在学龄前和学龄儿童用药时偏向大环内脂类抗生素,而婴幼儿则偏向抗病毒药物治疗。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pneumonia pathogens in the second half and give guidance of therapy based on our study,which would shorten the time of treatment and alleviate the pain of patients. Method 68 pneumonia patients in our hospital were collected the serum was examined,that was classified,classify by Legionella pneumnopila,Mycoplasma pneumonia,Chlamydia pneumonia,Richettsia query,Adenovirus,Respiratory syncytial virus,Influenza A virus,Influenza B virus,Parainfluenza virus,and get the distribution of pneumonia pathogens. Results In 68 pneumonia patients,the total positive rate of pneumonia pathogen infection was 41. 18%,and Mycoplasma pneumonia was the most common pathogens of infection（ 17. 64%）,followed by Respiratory syncytial virus（ 10. 29%）,Influenza B virus（ 4.41%）,Adenovirus（ 0.29%）,Legionella pneumnopila typel（ 10.14%）,Chlamydia pneumonia（ 0.14%）,Influenza A virus（ 0.14%）,Parainfluenza virus（ 0. 14%）,Richettsia query（ 0. 00%）. Conclusion The most common pathogens of pneumonia are Mycoplasma pneumonia and Respiratory syncytial virus,and species difference exits in different ages. Treatments are given based pathogens. Give preschool children Large ring lactone class antibiotic treatment and infants antivirus treatment,when the pathogen examine could not be done.