同伴冲突对幼儿社会观点采择的影响——基于幼儿区域活动的分析

The Influence of the Peer Conflict on Children's Social Perspective-Taking Abilities——Based on the Analysis of the Regional Activities of Children

幼儿的社会观点采择能力是幼儿社会认知发展的核心内容。而同伴冲突是儿童与同伴之间频繁发生的一种社会互动形式,蕴含着深层次的发展性的积极作用,对发展幼儿的社会观点采择能力具有很大的促进作用。幼儿同伴冲突的特征为:发生频率高,持续时间短,行为多样化,解决自主化。同伴冲突在幼儿社会观点采择中的作用为:在冲突协商过程中,幼儿逐渐去"自我中心化";在被同伴孤立的体验中,幼儿发展出移情能力;在同伴冲突的解决中,幼儿提升自我控制能力。教师丰富区域活动中的同伴交往经验、创设良好的幼儿区域活动环境、引导幼儿合理解决区域冲突,有助于幼儿社会观点采择能力的提升与发展。

Children＇s social perspective- taking abilities are the key content in children＇s social cognitive development. However, peer conflict is a kind of social interaction which happens frequently among children and their peers. It is flail of positive significance towards children＇s further development and also promotes children＇s development of social perspective- taking abilities. The characteristics of peer conflict are： high frequency, short period of time, diversified behavior, and problem - solving independence. The functions of peer conflict in children＇ s social perspective taking include： children gradually become decentralized during negotiation in conflict; during the isolation, children develop their empathy;during the problem-solving process,children learn to enhance their abilities to control themselves. Teachers should enrich the regional activities to help children to communicate more with their peers,establish a good environment for children to play with each other, and guide children to deal with conflicts.All of these are of great use for children to develop and enhance their social perspective- taking abilities.