碳化物衍生碳的制备及其在气体存储与超级电容器领域的应用研究进展

Progress of preparation of carbide-derived carbon and application in gas storage and supercapacitors

介绍了二元碳化物与三元碳化物作为前体制备碳化物衍生碳,概述了碳化物衍生碳的几种常见命名,详细阐述了管式炉中氯气高温刻蚀碳化物、多孔化碳材料的制备工艺过程和原理,总结了碳化物衍生碳孔径结构及应用,并着重介绍了在储氢储甲烷和超级电容器电极材料两方面的应用研究。碳化物衍生碳材料的甲烷吸附存储量可以达到18.5%(质量分数),氢的吸附存储量达到6.2%(质量分数),作为超级电容器电极材料,它的质量比电容是120F/g,且具有非常高的体积比电容(90F/cm3),在MEMS等小型化微电子器件中有重要的应用。最后展望了这种新型碳材料通过调控微观结构与改善性能在更多领域的重要应用。

In this paper,binary carbides and ternary carbides were introduced as precursors to make carbide-derived carbons （CDCs）. Nomenclature in Chinese of carbide-derived carbons was summarized. Preparation processes and principle of high-temperature Cl2-etching in a tube furnace were elaborated. Structure and properties of CDC were summarized,focusing on the latest researches in the fields of hydrogen/methane storage and supercapacitor electrode materials. The storage capacity of CDC was 18.5% for methane and 6.2% for hydrogen. As supercapacitor electrode material,its mass specific capacity was 120F/g and its volume specific capacity reached a very high value of 90F/cm3,which was potentially useful in microelectronic devices,such as MEMS. Finally,CDC could have better applications in more areas by controlling microstructure and improving performance.